Maps are information in context.
A “map” is, in a general sense, is just an organized set of contextual information. You can see or intuit the domain of possible inputs, what they mean, and quickly understand the meaning of the resultant value. In most contexts, “mapping” is a visual task.
Maps in the traditional line of thinking are depictions of areas of landmass, with waypoints and landmarks distributed about them. The domain of inputs in a traditional map are the X and Y coordinate (or the Longitude/Latitude in the case of global maps). What you find there is simply a Functions of X and Y.